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Understanding the Gut Bacteria Bifidobacterium Longum

Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) is one of the first species of probiotic bacteria to colonize the human intestinal microbiome after birth. The microbiome houses trillions of bacterial cells, which perform many physiological functions pertaining to the maintenance of a healthy gastrointestinal tract, immune function, energy regulation, and nutrient synthesis. This article will discuss B. longum's role in human health, factors influencing its abundance within the gut, and things you can do to support it.

What is Bifidobacterium Longum?

Bifidobacterium longum is a Gram-positive probiotic bacteria found in the human intestinal microbiome and the intestines of most animals and insects. It was first isolated over one hundred years ago from human feces and quickly identified as a healthy microfloral organism due to its dominance in breastfed infants.

There are three subspecies of B. longum: longum, infantis, and suis. Because of its ability to withstand and resist the acidic nature of the upper digestive tract, B. longum is a dominant species within the intestinal microbiome. This, along with the numerous studies demonstrating its health benefits extending beyond the gastrointestinal tract, makes B. longum a popular probiotic choice among healthcare providers.

What Are the Health Benefits of Bifidobacterium longum?

B. longum plays an essential role in maintaining gut health. It, along with other resident bacteria, prevents pathogenic intestinal infections by binding receptor sites on intestinal epithelial cells, effectively crowding out harmful bacteria and secreting chemicals called bacteriocins, which inhibit the growth of and kill pathogenic bugs.

B. longum is also one of the gut's predominant bacterial producers of lactate and acetate. These metabolic byproducts lower the intestinal pH, making it more acidic, which enables good bacteria to thrive while simultaneously preventing the overgrowth of harmful microorganisms.

Oral supplementation of B. longum probiotics has demonstrated improvements in functional constipation, relieves inflammation and symptoms associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), prevents necrotizing enterocolitis in infants, induces lactose digestion in patients with lactose intolerance, and improves diarrhea.

The microbiota-gut-brain axis describes the communication pathways between the intestinal microbiota, microbial metabolites, and the nervous system. B. longum is intimately connected with the nervous system and influences mood, cognition, and brain health by producing gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and regulating serotonin synthesis by enterochromaffin cells in the intestines. B. longum 1714™ has been shown to modulate cortisol output, activate brain coping centers in response to stress, and reduce mental fatigue. Studies have also demonstrated improved depression scores, sleep quality, and cognitive function with various strains of B. longum probiotics.

Summary

As research continues to prove the impact of the gut microbiome on human health, it is clear that early colonization of the gastrointestinal tract with Bifidobacterium longum is important for disease prevention. Low levels of B. longum are associated with disease pathology, and supplementation with this probiotic bug results in improved health markers and symptom resolution. Healthy lifestyle choices are foundational in maintaining a healthy population of Bifidobacterium, and probiotic/prebiotic supplements can be added on board, as necessary, to support the symbiotic relationship between humans and this probiotic microorganism.

References

https://www.rupahealth.com/

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